User:Kristen Russo/Sandbox1 1S58
From Proteopedia
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Contents |
Introduction
Human Parvovirus B19, is a member of the Parvoviridae family. This virus is a know human pathogen that infects rapidly dividing erythroid cells and tissues. B19 is the only accepted virus that is currently considered part of the genus Erythrovirus. B19 contains a single-stranded DNA genome which is packaged inside its protein shell. This shell has a diameter of 280 Å. The capsid contains 60 structural subunits. About 95% of those are the major viral protein VP2, and the other 5% are the structural protein VP1. The difference between the VP1 and VP2 proteins are VP1 contains a "unique region" which is a N-terminal comprised of 227 extra amino acids, most of which are located on the outside of the virus particle. This region is accessible to antibody binding. The VP2 protein can self assemble, and are therefore capable of forming VLPs. VLPs are virus-like particles that do not possess RNA or DNA. These particles can be used for several things such as: vaccines, diagnostic assays, and cell interaction studies. The cellular receptor of B19 is suggested to be a glycosphingolipid globoside (which is a type of glycolipid containing the amino alcohol sphingosine, and more than one sugar as the side chain). The cellular coreceptor responsible for viral entry into human cells is the α5β1 integrin.
Symptoms and Diseases
The following are serious symptoms and diseases that are associated with human parvovirus B19.
- Erythema infectiosum (Fifth Disease)
- Failure of red blood cell production
- Hydrops fetalis (fetal loss)
- Acute or persistent arthropathies
- Myocarditis
- Hepatitis
Function of B19
Structure of B19
The human parvovirus B19 consists of a polypeptide fold called a "jelly roll" (which is an eight-stranded antiparrallel β-barrel motif). Large insertions connect the strands of the β-barrel on the surface of the virion.
