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From Proteopedia
Human Carbonic Anhydrase II in complex with a fluorinated Benzenesulfonamide.
Structural highlights
DiseaseCAH2_HUMAN Defects in CA2 are the cause of osteopetrosis autosomal recessive type 3 (OPTB3) [MIM:259730; also known as osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis, carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome, Guibaud-Vainsel syndrome or marble brain disease. Osteopetrosis is a rare genetic disease characterized by abnormally dense bone, due to defective resorption of immature bone. The disorder occurs in two forms: a severe autosomal recessive form occurring in utero, infancy, or childhood, and a benign autosomal dominant form occurring in adolescence or adulthood. Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis is usually associated with normal or elevated amount of non-functional osteoclasts. OPTB3 is associated with renal tubular acidosis, cerebral calcification (marble brain disease) and in some cases with mental retardation.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] FunctionCAH2_HUMAN Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye.[6] [7] Publication Abstract from PubMedThe fluorination of lead-like compounds is a common tool in medicinal chemistry to alter molecular properties in various ways and with different goals. We herein present a detailed study of the binding of fluorinated benzenesulfonamides to human Carbonic Anhydrase II by complementing macromolecular X-ray crystallographic observations with thermodynamic and kinetic data collected with the novel method of kinITC. Our findings comprise so far unknown alternative binding modes in the crystalline state for some of the investigated compounds as well as complex thermodynamic and kinetic structure-activity relationships. They suggest that fluorination of the benzenesulfonamide core is especially advantageous in one position with respect to the kinetic signatures of binding and that a higher degree of fluorination does not necessarily provide for a higher affinity or more favorable kinetic binding profiles. Lastly, we propose a relationship between the kinetics of binding and ligand acidity based on a small set of compounds with similar substitution patterns. The Influence of Varying Fluorination Patterns on the Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Benzenesulfonamide Binding to Human Carbonic Anhydrase II.,Glockner S, Ngo K, Wagner B, Heine A, Klebe G Biomolecules. 2020 Mar 27;10(4). pii: biom10040509. doi: 10.3390/biom10040509. PMID:32230853[8] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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