8bpq

Structural highlights

Function

NEMA_ECOLI Involved in the degradation of toxic compounds (PubMed:15184158, PubMed:17504490, PubMed:23506073, PubMed:23527133, PubMed:23536188, PubMed:9013822). Can use a variety of substrates, including the nitrate ester explosives glycerol trinitrate (GTN) and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), chromate and various electrophiles such as quinones (PubMed:15184158, PubMed:23506073, PubMed:23527133). Involved in resistance to hypochlorous acid (HOCl), which is the active component of household bleach and a powerful antimicrobial during the innate immune response (PubMed:23536188). Catalyzes the reduction of N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) to N-ethylsuccinimide (PubMed:23506073, PubMed:9013822). Together with NfsA and NfsB, can use the nitroaromatic explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) (PubMed:17504490).^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]}

References

1. ↑ Williams RE, Rathbone DA, Scrutton NS, Bruce NC. Biotransformation of explosives by the old yellow enzyme family of flavoproteins. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004 Jun;70(6):3566-74. PMID:15184158 doi:10.1128/AEM.70.6.3566-3574.2004
2. ↑ González-Pérez MM, van Dillewijn P, Wittich RM, Ramos JL. Escherichia coli has multiple enzymes that attack TNT and release nitrogen for growth. Environ Microbiol. 2007 Jun;9(6):1535-40. PMID:17504490 doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01272.x
3. ↑ Lee C, Shin J, Park C. Novel regulatory system nemRA-gloA for electrophile reduction in Escherichia coli K-12. Mol Microbiol. 2013 Apr;88(2):395-412. PMID:23506073 doi:10.1111/mmi.12192
4. ↑ Robins KJ, Hooks DO, Rehm BH, Ackerley DF. Escherichia coli NemA is an efficient chromate reductase that can be biologically immobilized to provide a cell free system for remediation of hexavalent chromium. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e59200. PMID:23527133 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059200
5. ↑ Gray MJ, Wholey WY, Parker BW, Kim M, Jakob U. NemR is a bleach-sensing transcription factor. J Biol Chem. 2013 May 10;288(19):13789-98. PMID:23536188 doi:10.1074/jbc.M113.454421
6. ↑ Miura K, Tomioka Y, Suzuki H, Yonezawa M, Hishinuma T, Mizugaki M. Molecular cloning of the nemA gene encoding N-ethylmaleimide reductase from Escherichia coli. Biol Pharm Bull. 1997 Jan;20(1):110-2. PMID:9013822 doi:10.1248/bpb.20.110