1mof
From Proteopedia
COAT PROTEIN
Structural highlights
FunctionENV_MLVMS The surface protein (SU) attaches the virus to the host cell by binding to its receptor. Interaction with HECT ubiquitin ligases activates a thiol in a CXXC motif of the C-terminal domain, where the other Cys residue participates in the formation of the intersubunit disulfide. The activated thiol will attack the disulfide and cause its isomerization into a disulfide isomer within the motif. This leads to SU displacement and TM refolding, and is thought to activate its fusogenic potential by unmasking its fusion peptide. Fusion occurs at the host cell plasma membrane.[1] The transmembrane protein (TM) acts as a class I viral fusion protein. Under the current model, the protein has at least 3 conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and target cell membrane fusion, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes. Membranes fusion leads to delivery of the nucleocapsid into the cytoplasm (By similarity). Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedWe report the crystal structure of an extraviral segment of a retrovirus envelope protein, the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMuLV) transmembrane (TM) subunit. This segment, which comprises a region of the MoMuLV TM protein analogous to that contained within the X-ray crystal structure of low-pH converted influenza hemagglutinin, contains a trimeric coiled coil, with a hydrophobic cluster at its base and a strand that packs in an antiparallel orientation against the coiled coil. This structure gives the first high-resolution insight into the retrovirus surface and serves as a model for a wide range of viral fusion proteins; key residues in this structure are conserved among C- and D-type retroviruses and the filovirus ebola. Retrovirus envelope domain at 1.7 angstrom resolution.,Fass D, Harrison SC, Kim PS Nat Struct Biol. 1996 May;3(5):465-9. PMID:8612078[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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