2e48
From Proteopedia
Crystal Structure of Human D-Amino Acid Oxidase: Substrate-Free Holoenzyme
Structural highlights
FunctionOXDA_HUMAN Regulates the level of the neuromodulator D-serine in the brain. Has high activity towards D-DOPA and contributes to dopamine synthesis. Could act as a detoxifying agent which removes D-amino acids accumulated during aging. Acts on a variety of D-amino acids with a preference for those having small hydrophobic side chains followed by those bearing polar, aromatic, and basic groups. Does not act on acidic amino acids.[1] Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedD-amino acid oxidase (DAO) degrades the gliotransmitter D-serine, a potent endogenous ligand of N-methyl-D-aspartate type glutamate receptors. It also has been suggested that D-DOPA, the stereoisomer of L-DOPA, is oxidized by DAO and then converted to dopamine via an alternative biosynthetic pathway. Here, we provide direct crystallographic evidence that D-DOPA is readily fitted into the active site of human DAO, where it is oxidized by the enzyme. Moreover, our kinetic data show that the maximal velocity for oxidation of D-DOPA is much greater than for D-serine, which strongly supports the proposed alternative pathway for dopamine biosynthesis in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. In addition, determination of the structures of human DAO in various states revealed that the conformation of the hydrophobic VAAGL stretch (residues 47-51) to be uniquely stable in the human enzyme, which provides a structural basis for the unique kinetic features of human DAO. Structural basis of D-DOPA oxidation by D-amino acid oxidase: alternative pathway for dopamine biosynthesis.,Kawazoe T, Tsuge H, Imagawa T, Aki K, Kuramitsu S, Fukui K Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Apr 6;355(2):385-91. Epub 2007 Feb 8. PMID:17303072[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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