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Publication Abstract from PubMed

A subset of bovine antibodies have an exceptionally long third heavy-chain complementarity determining region (CDR H3) that is highly variable in sequence and includes multiple cysteines. These long CDR H3s (up to 69 residues) fold into a long stalk atop which sits a knob domain that is located far from the antibody surface. Three new bovine Fab crystal structures have been determined to decipher the conserved and variable features of ultralong CDR H3s that lead to diversity in antigen recognition. Despite high sequence variability, the stalks adopt a conserved beta-ribbon structure, while the knob regions share a conserved beta-sheet that serves as a scaffold for two connecting loops of variable length and conformation, as well as one conserved disulfide. Variation in patterns and connectivity of the remaining disulfides contribute to the knob structural diversity. The unusual architecture of these ultralong bovine CDR H3s for generating diversity is unique in adaptive immune systems.

Conservation and diversity in the ultralong third heavy-chain complementarity-determining region of bovine antibodies.,Stanfield RL, Wilson IA, Smider VV Sci Immunol. 2016 Jul;1(1). pii: aaf7962. Epub 2016 Jul 14. PMID:27574710^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.