| Structural highlights
Disease
IRS1_HUMAN Polymorphisms in IRS1 may be involved in the etiology of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) [MIM:125853.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
Function
IRS1_HUMAN May mediate the control of various cellular processes by insulin. When phosphorylated by the insulin receptor binds specifically to various cellular proteins containing SH2 domains such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p85 subunit or GRB2. Activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase when bound to the regulatory p85 subunit (By similarity).[6] [7]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Despite a high degree of homology, insulin receptor (IR) and IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R) mediate distinct cellular and physiological functions. Here, we demonstrate how domain differences between IR and IGF1R contribute to the distinct functions of these receptors using chimeric and site-mutated receptors. Receptors with the intracellular domain of IGF1R show increased activation of Shc and Gab-1 and more potent regulation of genes involved in proliferation, corresponding to their higher mitogenic activity. Conversely, receptors with the intracellular domain of IR display higher IRS-1 phosphorylation, stronger regulation of genes in metabolic pathways and more dramatic glycolytic responses to hormonal stimulation. Strikingly, replacement of leucine973 in the juxtamembrane region of IR to phenylalanine, which is present in IGF1R, mimics many of these signalling and gene expression responses. Overall, we show that the distinct activities of the closely related IR and IGF1R are mediated by their intracellular juxtamembrane region and substrate binding to this region.
Domain-dependent effects of insulin and IGF-1 receptors on signalling and gene expression.,Cai W, Sakaguchi M, Kleinridders A, Gonzalez-Del Pino G, Dreyfuss JM, O'Neill BT, Ramirez AK, Pan H, Winnay JN, Boucher J, Eck MJ, Kahn CR Nat Commun. 2017 Mar 27;8:14892. doi: 10.1038/ncomms14892. PMID:28345670[8]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Federici M, Pandolfi A, De Filippis EA, Pellegrini G, Menghini R, Lauro D, Cardellini M, Romano M, Sesti G, Lauro R, Consoli A. G972R IRS-1 variant impairs insulin regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in cultured human endothelial cells. Circulation. 2004 Jan 27;109(3):399-405. Epub 2004 Jan 5. PMID:14707024 doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000109498.77895.6F
- ↑ Esposito DL, Mammarella S, Ranieri A, Della Loggia F, Capani F, Consoli A, Mariani-Costantini R, Caramia FG, Cama A, Battista P. Deletion of Gly723 in the insulin receptor substrate-1 of a patient with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Hum Mutat. 1996;7(4):364-6. PMID:8723689 doi:<364::AID-HUMU13>3.0.CO;2-0 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(1996)7:4<364::AID-HUMU13>3.0.CO;2-0
- ↑ Mammarella S, Creati B, Esposito DL, Arcuri P, Della Loggia F, Capani F, Mariani-Costantini R, Caramia FG, Battista P, Cama A. Novel allele of the insulin receptor substrate-1 bearing two non-conservative amino acid substitutions in a patient with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Mutations in brief no. 130. Online. Hum Mutat. 1998;11(5):411. PMID:10206679 doi:<411::AID-HUMU11>3.0.CO;2-2 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(1998)11:5<411::AID-HUMU11>3.0.CO;2-2
- ↑ Marini MA, Frontoni S, Mineo D, Bracaglia D, Cardellini M, De Nicolais P, Baroni A, D'Alfonso R, Perna M, Lauro D, Federici M, Gambardella S, Lauro R, Sesti G. The Arg972 variant in insulin receptor substrate-1 is associated with an atherogenic profile in offspring of type 2 diabetic patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Jul;88(7):3368-71. PMID:12843189
- ↑ McGettrick AJ, Feener EP, Kahn CR. Human insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) polymorphism G972R causes IRS-1 to associate with the insulin receptor and inhibit receptor autophosphorylation. J Biol Chem. 2005 Feb 25;280(8):6441-6. Epub 2004 Dec 7. PMID:15590636 doi:10.1074/jbc.M412300200
- ↑ Kuo AH, Stoica GE, Riegel AT, Wellstein A. Recruitment of insulin receptor substrate-1 and activation of NF-kappaB essential for midkine growth signaling through anaplastic lymphoma kinase. Oncogene. 2007 Feb 8;26(6):859-69. Epub 2006 Jul 31. PMID:16878150 doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1209840
- ↑ Federici M, Pandolfi A, De Filippis EA, Pellegrini G, Menghini R, Lauro D, Cardellini M, Romano M, Sesti G, Lauro R, Consoli A. G972R IRS-1 variant impairs insulin regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in cultured human endothelial cells. Circulation. 2004 Jan 27;109(3):399-405. Epub 2004 Jan 5. PMID:14707024 doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000109498.77895.6F
- ↑ Cai W, Sakaguchi M, Kleinridders A, Gonzalez-Del Pino G, Dreyfuss JM, O'Neill BT, Ramirez AK, Pan H, Winnay JN, Boucher J, Eck MJ, Kahn CR. Domain-dependent effects of insulin and IGF-1 receptors on signalling and gene expression. Nat Commun. 2017 Mar 27;8:14892. doi: 10.1038/ncomms14892. PMID:28345670 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14892
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