7a9b

Structural highlights

Function

ARAP3_HUMAN Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent GTPase-activating protein that modulates actin cytoskeleton remodeling by regulating ARF and RHO family members. Is activated by phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) binding. Can be activated by phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P2) binding, albeit with lower efficiency. Acts on ARF6, RAC1, RHOA and CDC42. Plays a role in the internalization of anthrax toxin.^{[1] [2]} SHAN1_RAT Seems to be an adapter protein in the postsynaptic density (PSD) of excitatory synapses that interconnects receptors of the postsynaptic membrane including NMDA-type and metabotropic glutamate receptors, and the actin-based cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the structural and functional organization of the dendritic spine and synaptic junction. Overexpression promotes maturation of dendritic spines and the enlargement of spine heads via its ability to recruit Homer to postsynaptic sites, and enhances presynaptic function.^{[3] [4]}

References

1. ↑ Krugmann S, Anderson KE, Ridley SH, Risso N, McGregor A, Coadwell J, Davidson K, Eguinoa A, Ellson CD, Lipp P, Manifava M, Ktistakis N, Painter G, Thuring JW, Cooper MA, Lim ZY, Holmes AB, Dove SK, Michell RH, Grewal A, Nazarian A, Erdjument-Bromage H, Tempst P, Stephens LR, Hawkins PT. Identification of ARAP3, a novel PI3K effector regulating both Arf and Rho GTPases, by selective capture on phosphoinositide affinity matrices. Mol Cell. 2002 Jan;9(1):95-108. PMID:11804589
2. ↑ Lu Q, Wei W, Kowalski PE, Chang AC, Cohen SN. EST-based genome-wide gene inactivation identifies ARAP3 as a host protein affecting cellular susceptibility to anthrax toxin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Dec 7;101(49):17246-51. Epub 2004 Nov 29. PMID:15569923 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0407794101
3. ↑ Sala C, Piech V, Wilson NR, Passafaro M, Liu G, Sheng M. Regulation of dendritic spine morphology and synaptic function by Shank and Homer. Neuron. 2001 Jul 19;31(1):115-30. PMID:11498055
4. ↑ Arstikaitis P, Gauthier-Campbell C, Carolina Gutierrez Herrera R, Huang K, Levinson JN, Murphy TH, Kilimann MW, Sala C, Colicos MA, El-Husseini A. Paralemmin-1, a modulator of filopodia induction is required for spine maturation. Mol Biol Cell. 2008 May;19(5):2026-38. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E07-08-0802. Epub 2008, Feb 20. PMID:18287537 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E07-08-0802