| Structural highlights
7y7g is a 10 chain structure with sequence from Escherichia coli. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
| | Method: | Electron Microscopy, Resolution 2.34Å |
| Ligands: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT |
Function
RS4_ECOLI One of two assembly initiator proteins for the 30S subunit, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the body of the 30S subunit.[1] [2] [3] With S5 and S12 plays an important role in translational accuracy; many suppressors of streptomycin-dependent mutants of protein S12 are found in this protein, some but not all of which decrease translational accuracy (ram, ribosomal ambiguity mutations).[4] [5] [6] Plays a role in mRNA unwinding by the ribosome, possibly by forming part of a processivity clamp.[7] [8] [9] Protein S4 is also a translational repressor protein, it controls the translation of the alpha-operon (which codes for S13, S11, S4, RNA polymerase alpha subunit, and L17) by binding to its mRNA.[10] [11] [12] Also functions as a rho-dependent antiterminator of rRNA transcription, increasing the synthesis of rRNA under conditions of excess protein, allowing a more rapid return to homeostasis. Binds directly to RNA polymerase.[13] [14] [15]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Transfer RNA (tRNA) modifications are critical for protein synthesis. Queuosine (Q), a 7-deaza-guanosine derivative, is present in tRNA anticodons. In vertebrate tRNAs for Tyr and Asp, Q is further glycosylated with galactose and mannose to generate galQ and manQ, respectively. However, biogenesis and physiological relevance of Q-glycosylation remain poorly understood. Here, we biochemically identified two RNA glycosylases, QTGAL and QTMAN, and successfully reconstituted Q-glycosylation of tRNAs using nucleotide diphosphate sugars. Ribosome profiling of knockout cells revealed that Q-glycosylation slowed down elongation at cognate codons, UAC and GAC (GAU), respectively. We also found that galactosylation of Q suppresses stop codon readthrough. Moreover, protein aggregates increased in cells lacking Q-glycosylation, indicating that Q-glycosylation contributes to proteostasis. Cryo-EM of human ribosome-tRNA complex revealed the molecular basis of codon recognition regulated by Q-glycosylations. Furthermore, zebrafish qtgal and qtman knockout lines displayed shortened body length, implying that Q-glycosylation is required for post-embryonic growth in vertebrates.
Glycosylated queuosines in tRNAs optimize translational rate and post-embryonic growth.,Zhao X, Ma D, Ishiguro K, Saito H, Akichika S, Matsuzawa I, Mito M, Irie T, Ishibashi K, Wakabayashi K, Sakaguchi Y, Yokoyama T, Mishima Y, Shirouzu M, Iwasaki S, Suzuki T, Suzuki T Cell. 2023 Dec 7;186(25):5517-5535.e24. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.10.026. Epub , 2023 Nov 21. PMID:37992713[16]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Nowotny V, Nierhaus KH. Assembly of the 30S subunit from Escherichia coli ribosomes occurs via two assembly domains which are initiated by S4 and S7. Biochemistry. 1988 Sep 6;27(18):7051-5. PMID:2461734
- ↑ Torres M, Condon C, Balada JM, Squires C, Squires CL. Ribosomal protein S4 is a transcription factor with properties remarkably similar to NusA, a protein involved in both non-ribosomal and ribosomal RNA antitermination. EMBO J. 2001 Jul 16;20(14):3811-20. PMID:11447122 doi:10.1093/emboj/20.14.3811
- ↑ Takyar S, Hickerson RP, Noller HF. mRNA helicase activity of the ribosome. Cell. 2005 Jan 14;120(1):49-58. PMID:15652481 doi:10.1016/j.cell.2004.11.042
- ↑ Nowotny V, Nierhaus KH. Assembly of the 30S subunit from Escherichia coli ribosomes occurs via two assembly domains which are initiated by S4 and S7. Biochemistry. 1988 Sep 6;27(18):7051-5. PMID:2461734
- ↑ Torres M, Condon C, Balada JM, Squires C, Squires CL. Ribosomal protein S4 is a transcription factor with properties remarkably similar to NusA, a protein involved in both non-ribosomal and ribosomal RNA antitermination. EMBO J. 2001 Jul 16;20(14):3811-20. PMID:11447122 doi:10.1093/emboj/20.14.3811
- ↑ Takyar S, Hickerson RP, Noller HF. mRNA helicase activity of the ribosome. Cell. 2005 Jan 14;120(1):49-58. PMID:15652481 doi:10.1016/j.cell.2004.11.042
- ↑ Nowotny V, Nierhaus KH. Assembly of the 30S subunit from Escherichia coli ribosomes occurs via two assembly domains which are initiated by S4 and S7. Biochemistry. 1988 Sep 6;27(18):7051-5. PMID:2461734
- ↑ Torres M, Condon C, Balada JM, Squires C, Squires CL. Ribosomal protein S4 is a transcription factor with properties remarkably similar to NusA, a protein involved in both non-ribosomal and ribosomal RNA antitermination. EMBO J. 2001 Jul 16;20(14):3811-20. PMID:11447122 doi:10.1093/emboj/20.14.3811
- ↑ Takyar S, Hickerson RP, Noller HF. mRNA helicase activity of the ribosome. Cell. 2005 Jan 14;120(1):49-58. PMID:15652481 doi:10.1016/j.cell.2004.11.042
- ↑ Nowotny V, Nierhaus KH. Assembly of the 30S subunit from Escherichia coli ribosomes occurs via two assembly domains which are initiated by S4 and S7. Biochemistry. 1988 Sep 6;27(18):7051-5. PMID:2461734
- ↑ Torres M, Condon C, Balada JM, Squires C, Squires CL. Ribosomal protein S4 is a transcription factor with properties remarkably similar to NusA, a protein involved in both non-ribosomal and ribosomal RNA antitermination. EMBO J. 2001 Jul 16;20(14):3811-20. PMID:11447122 doi:10.1093/emboj/20.14.3811
- ↑ Takyar S, Hickerson RP, Noller HF. mRNA helicase activity of the ribosome. Cell. 2005 Jan 14;120(1):49-58. PMID:15652481 doi:10.1016/j.cell.2004.11.042
- ↑ Nowotny V, Nierhaus KH. Assembly of the 30S subunit from Escherichia coli ribosomes occurs via two assembly domains which are initiated by S4 and S7. Biochemistry. 1988 Sep 6;27(18):7051-5. PMID:2461734
- ↑ Torres M, Condon C, Balada JM, Squires C, Squires CL. Ribosomal protein S4 is a transcription factor with properties remarkably similar to NusA, a protein involved in both non-ribosomal and ribosomal RNA antitermination. EMBO J. 2001 Jul 16;20(14):3811-20. PMID:11447122 doi:10.1093/emboj/20.14.3811
- ↑ Takyar S, Hickerson RP, Noller HF. mRNA helicase activity of the ribosome. Cell. 2005 Jan 14;120(1):49-58. PMID:15652481 doi:10.1016/j.cell.2004.11.042
- ↑ Zhao X, Ma D, Ishiguro K, Saito H, Akichika S, Matsuzawa I, Mito M, Irie T, Ishibashi K, Wakabayashi K, Sakaguchi Y, Yokoyama T, Mishima Y, Shirouzu M, Iwasaki S, Suzuki T, Suzuki T. Glycosylated queuosines in tRNAs optimize translational rate and post-embryonic growth. Cell. 2023 Nov 17:S0092-8674(23)01177-7. PMID:37992713 doi:10.1016/j.cell.2023.10.026
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