9dpf

Structural highlights

Function

TM11D_HUMAN May play some biological role in the host defense system on the mucous membrane independently of or in cooperation with other substances in airway mucous or bronchial secretions. Plays a role in the proteolytic processing of ACE2. Proteolytically cleaves and activates the human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) spike glycoprotein which facilitate virus-cell membrane fusions; spike proteins are synthesized and maintained in precursor intermediate folding states and proteolysis permits the refolding and energy release required to create stable virus-cell linkages and membrane coalescence. Preferentially cleaves the C-terminal side of arginine residues at the P1 position of certain peptides, cleaving Boc-Phe-Ser-Arg-4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide most efficiently and having an optimum pH of 8.6 with this substrate.^{[1] [2]}

References

1. ↑ Bertram S, Dijkman R, Habjan M, Heurich A, Gierer S, Glowacka I, Welsch K, Winkler M, Schneider H, Hofmann-Winkler H, Thiel V, Pohlmann S. TMPRSS2 activates the human coronavirus 229E for cathepsin-independent host cell entry and is expressed in viral target cells in the respiratory epithelium. J Virol. 2013 Jun;87(11):6150-60. doi: 10.1128/JVI.03372-12. Epub 2013 Mar 27. PMID:23536651 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.03372-12
2. ↑ Heurich A, Hofmann-Winkler H, Gierer S, Liepold T, Jahn O, Pohlmann S. TMPRSS2 and ADAM17 cleave ACE2 differentially and only proteolysis by TMPRSS2 augments entry driven by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein. J Virol. 2014 Jan;88(2):1293-307. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02202-13. Epub 2013 Nov 13. PMID:24227843 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02202-13