9naq

Publication Abstract from PubMed

Plasmodium falciparum pathology is driven by the accumulation of parasite-infected erythrocytes in blood capillaries. This sequestration process is mediated by the parasite's P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) adhesins, which bind select endothelial cell receptors. A subset of PfEMP1 binding human endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) through their cysteine-rich interdomain region alpha 1 (CIDRalpha1) domains drives the pathogenesis to severe malaria. Despite high sequence diversity among CIDRalpha1 domains, individuals living in malaria-endemic regions become immune to severe disease in part through acquisition of antibodies inhibiting the PfEMP1-EPCR interaction. Here, we demonstrate an approach to identify pathogen-specific human monoclonal antibodies from plasma, combining mass spectrometry analysis of antigen-purified polyclonal plasma IgG and Ig transcript sequencing. We identified a clonal family of broadly reactive and EPCR binding-inhibitory human monoclonal antibodies against CIDRalpha1. The antibodies, isolated from a 9-y-old child, exhibited potent inhibition of EPCR binding broadly across CIDRalpha1 domains as well as binding of infected erythrocytes to EPCR. Structural analysis of one antibody variant complexed with CIDRalpha1 revealed a shared epitope of the clonal antibody family overlapping the EPCR binding site and the epitopes of two previously identified monoclonal antibodies, C7 and C74, with similar functional patterns. However, although C7, C74, and 110-3 antibodies all depend on the same few residues conserved in CIDRalpha1 to retain EPCR binding, the 110-3 antibodies contact additional variable residues, reducing their breadth of reactivity across the CIDRalpha1 family. These data bolster the hypothesis that broadly inhibitory antibodies against severe malaria-associated PfEMP1 target similar epitopes and are commonly developed in malaria-exposed individuals.

Identification of broadly inhibitory anti-PfEMP1 antibodies by mass spectrometry sequencing of plasma IgG from a malaria-exposed child.,Turner L, Nunez de Villavicencio Diaz T, Raghavan SSR, Kana IH, Lyimo E, Reitzel C, Wang CW, Berube E, Jensen RW, Loeffler JR, Fernandez-Quintero ML, Theander TG, Lusingu JPA, Le Bihan T, Han X, Minja DTR, Ward AB, Ma B, Lavstsen T Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Aug 26;122(34):e2508744122. doi: , 10.1073/pnas.2508744122. Epub 2025 Aug 20. PMID:40833410^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.