9otp

Structural highlights

Disease

GLNA_HUMAN Defects in GLUL are the cause of congenital systemic glutamine deficiency (CSGD) [MIM:610015. CSGD is a rare developmental disorder with severe brain malformation resulting in multi-organ failure and neonatal death. Glutamine is largely absent from affected patients serum, urine and cerebrospinal fluid.^[1]

Function

GLNA_HUMAN This enzyme has 2 functions: it catalyzes the production of glutamine and 4-aminobutanoate (gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA), the latter in a pyridoxal phosphate-independent manner (By similarity). Essential for proliferation of fetal skin fibroblasts.^[2]

References

1. ↑ Haberle J, Gorg B, Rutsch F, Schmidt E, Toutain A, Benoist JF, Gelot A, Suc AL, Hohne W, Schliess F, Haussinger D, Koch HG. Congenital glutamine deficiency with glutamine synthetase mutations. N Engl J Med. 2005 Nov 3;353(18):1926-33. PMID:16267323 doi:353/18/1926
2. ↑ Vermeulen T, Gorg B, Vogl T, Wolf M, Varga G, Toutain A, Paul R, Schliess F, Haussinger D, Haberle J. Glutamine synthetase is essential for proliferation of fetal skin fibroblasts. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2008 Oct 1;478(1):96-102. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2008.07.009., Epub 2008 Jul 17. PMID:18662667 doi:10.1016/j.abb.2008.07.009