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Publication Abstract from PubMed

Interleukin-31 (IL-31) signals through the IL-31 receptor alpha (IL-31RA) and oncostatin M receptor beta (OSMRbeta) heterodimer, mediating pruritus, dermatitis, inflammatory responses, neuroimmune interactions, and certain cancers. Here, we present the crystal structure of canine IL-31 (cIL-31) in complex with a neutralizing caninized monoclonal antibody (2D10-2). This antibody competitively inhibited cIL-31 binding to canine OSMRbeta (cOSMRbeta) but not to canine IL-31RA (cIL-31RA). Moreover, it effectively blocked cIL-31-induced STAT5 phosphorylation in vitro and alleviated cIL-31-induced pruritus in beagle dogs. Structural analysis identified key antibody-binding residues in alpha-helical A, alpha-helical D, and the AB loop of cIL-31. Systematic mutagenesis based on the complex structure further defined the conformational epitopes of cIL-31 recognized by cOSMRbeta. In summary, this study reports the IL-31 structure, revealing a four-alpha-helical bundle cytokine, and elucidates 2D10-2's neutralizing mechanism by targeting the cIL-31-cOSMRbeta interaction. These findings advance our understanding of IL-31 and offer insights for developing IL-31-targeted therapeutics.

Structural insights into IL-31 signaling inhibition by a neutralizing antibody.,Guo T, Zheng Y, Fan Z, Liu P, Chai Y, Liao X, Zhang C, Pang X, Li D, Gao F, Xiao H Structure. 2025 Sep 26:S0969-2126(25)00345-4. doi: 10.1016/j.str.2025.09.002. PMID:41015037^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.