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The structure of human aminopeptidase N (PDB code 4FYQ)

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Aminopeptidase N (APN; CD13) is a zinc-dependent integral ectopeptidase that cleaves neutral amino acids from the N-terminal of peptides.[1] It has been implicated in coronovirus invasion of cells of the respiratory tract and numerous cancers.[1][2] Its expression in cancer cells has been associated with more aggressive phenotypes and a role for it has been determined in: breast cancer, colon cancer, stomach cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, kidney cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer and thryoid cancer.[1] It is also an enkephalinase, that is, it is an enzyme involved in the degradation of enkephalins, such as met-enkephalin and leu-enkephalin.[3] Additional roles in immunity have also been discovered (such as in the degradation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin 8 and N-formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine and in the regulation of T cell function) and the use of APN inhibitors has been proposed as a potential drug therapy for inflammatory bowel disease.[4]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Su L, Fang H, Xu W. Aminopeptidase N (EC 3.4.11.2) inhibitors (2006 - 2010): a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2011 Aug;21(8):1241-65. doi: 10.1517/13543776.2011.587002. , Epub 2011 May 28. PMID:21619485 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/13543776.2011.587002
  2. ↑ Bosch BJ, Smits SL, Haagmans BL. Membrane ectopeptidases targeted by human coronaviruses. Curr Opin Virol. 2014 Apr 21;6C:55-60. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2014.03.011. PMID:24762977 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2014.03.011
  3. ↑ Thanawala V, Kadam VJ, Ghosh R. Enkephalinase inhibitors: potential agents for the management of pain. Curr Drug Targets. 2008 Oct;9(10):887-94. PMID:18855623
  4. ↑ Bank U, Bohr UR, Reinhold D, Lendeckel U, Ansorge S, Malfertheiner P, Tager M. Inflammatory bowel diseases: multiple benefits from therapy with dipeptidyl- and alanyl-aminopeptidase inhibitors. Front Biosci. 2008 May 1;13:3699-713. PMID:18508466

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