2yb8

Structural highlights

Function

[SUZ12_DROME] Polycomb group (PcG) protein. While PcG proteins are generally required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development, this protein is specifically required during the first 6 hours of embryogenesis to establish the repressed state. Component of the Esc/E(z) complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' (H3K9me) and 'Lys-27' (H3K27me) of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. The Esc/E(z) complex is necessary but not sufficient for the repression of homeotic target genes, suggesting that the recruitment of the distinct PRC1 complex is also required. [CAF1_DROME] Core histone-binding subunit that may target chromatin assembly factors, chromatin remodeling factors and histone deacetylases to their histone substrates in a manner that is regulated by nucleosomal DNA. Component of several complexes which regulate chromatin metabolism. These include the chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) complex, which is required for chromatin assembly following DNA replication and DNA repair; the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase complex (the NuRD complex), which promotes transcriptional repression by histone deacetylation and nucleosome remodeling; the nucleosome remodeling factor (NURF) complex, which catalyzes ATP-dependent nucleosome sliding and facilitates transcription of chromatin; and the polycomb group (PcG) repressor complex ESC-E(Z), which promotes repression of homeotic genes during development. Also required for transcriptional repression of E2F target genes by E2f2 and Rbf or Rbf2.^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]}

See Also

• Polycomb

References

1. ↑ Tyler JK, Bulger M, Kamakaka RT, Kobayashi R, Kadonaga JT. The p55 subunit of Drosophila chromatin assembly factor 1 is homologous to a histone deacetylase-associated protein. Mol Cell Biol. 1996 Nov;16(11):6149-59. PMID:8887645
2. ↑ Martinez-Balbas MA, Tsukiyama T, Gdula D, Wu C. Drosophila NURF-55, a WD repeat protein involved in histone metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Jan 6;95(1):132-7. PMID:9419341
3. ↑ Gdula DA, Sandaltzopoulos R, Tsukiyama T, Ossipow V, Wu C. Inorganic pyrophosphatase is a component of the Drosophila nucleosome remodeling factor complex. Genes Dev. 1998 Oct 15;12(20):3206-16. PMID:9784495
4. ↑ Beall EL, Manak JR, Zhou S, Bell M, Lipsick JS, Botchan MR. Role for a Drosophila Myb-containing protein complex in site-specific DNA replication. Nature. 2002 Dec 19-26;420(6917):833-7. PMID:12490953 doi:10.1038/nature01228
5. ↑ Taylor-Harding B, Binne UK, Korenjak M, Brehm A, Dyson NJ. p55, the Drosophila ortholog of RbAp46/RbAp48, is required for the repression of dE2F2/RBF-regulated genes. Mol Cell Biol. 2004 Oct;24(20):9124-36. PMID:15456884 doi:10.1128/MCB.24.20.9124-9136.2004
6. ↑ Schmitges FW, Prusty AB, Faty M, Stutzer A, Lingaraju GM, Aiwazian J, Sack R, Hess D, Li L, Zhou S, Bunker RD, Wirth U, Bouwmeester T, Bauer A, Ly-Hartig N, Zhao K, Chan H, Gu J, Gut H, Fischle W, Muller J, Thoma NH. Histone Methylation by PRC2 Is Inhibited by Active Chromatin Marks. Mol Cell. 2011 May 6;42(3):330-41. PMID:21549310 doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2011.03.025