Argonaute

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<StructureSection load='4EI1' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of human Argonaute2 protein in complex with target RNA (PDB Entry [[4EI1]])' scene=''>
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The Argonaute protein is the catalytic component of the RISC complex, central to the [[RNA_Interference|RNA-induced silencing]] in eukaryotic organisms <ref name='ref1'>pmid 22539551</ref>. It is found in all higher eukaryotes and it plays an important role in a variety of processes as diverse as embryonic development, cell diferentiation and transposon silencing. These proteins are evolutionarily conserved and can be divided in two subfamilies: Ago and Piwi. The first are ubiquitously expressed and interact with siRNAs or miRNAs to participate in post-transcriptional gene silencing, both by destabilizing mRNA or by repressing the translation event. Piwi proteins are generally restricted to the germ line and associate piRNAs to mediate silencing of mobile genetic elements <ref name='ref2'>pmid 18304383</ref>.
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The Argonaute family of proteins is central to the RNA-induced silencing in eukaryotic organisms <ref>pmid 22539551</ref>. It was first found to be important for plant development and for germline stem-cell division in ''Drosophila Melanogaster'', but further research revealed a much broader and essential role in protein synthesis, maintenance of genome integrity and RNA stability <ref>pmid 18073770</ref>.
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</StructureSection>
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==Structural Organisation==
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==The Argonaute Family==
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===Role in RNA interference===
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<StructureSection load='4EI1' size='500' frame='true' align='right' caption='X-ray structure of the entire human Argonaute2 protein (PDB [[4EI1]]) at 2.3Å resolution ' scene='' >
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===Members===
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There are two main structural features common to all Argonaute proteins: the [[PAZ|Paz domain]] and the [[PIWI|PIWI domain]]. Other structural features include the N domain and the Mid domain.
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==Structure==
 
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===N Domain===
 
===Paz Domain===
===Paz Domain===
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===Mid Domain===
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The <scene name='Argonaute/Ago2-paz/1'>Paz Domain</scene> is responsible for
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The Paz domain
===Piwi Domain===
===Piwi Domain===
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</StructureSection>
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==References==
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<references/>

Revision as of 09:42, 6 September 2012

The Argonaute protein is the catalytic component of the RISC complex, central to the RNA-induced silencing in eukaryotic organisms [1]. It is found in all higher eukaryotes and it plays an important role in a variety of processes as diverse as embryonic development, cell diferentiation and transposon silencing. These proteins are evolutionarily conserved and can be divided in two subfamilies: Ago and Piwi. The first are ubiquitously expressed and interact with siRNAs or miRNAs to participate in post-transcriptional gene silencing, both by destabilizing mRNA or by repressing the translation event. Piwi proteins are generally restricted to the germ line and associate piRNAs to mediate silencing of mobile genetic elements [2].

Structural Organisation

X-ray structure of the entire human Argonaute2 protein (PDB 4EI1) at 2.3Å resolution

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

References

  1. ↑ Schirle NT, Macrae IJ. The Crystal Structure of Human Argonaute2. Science. 2012 Apr 26. PMID:22539551 doi:10.1126/science.1221551
  2. ↑ Hock J, Meister G. The Argonaute protein family. Genome Biol. 2008;9(2):210. Epub 2008 Feb 26. PMID:18304383 doi:10.1186/gb-2008-9-2-210

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Michal Harel, João Rodrigues, Joel L. Sussman, Alexander Berchansky

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