Sandbox Reserved 1471

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	== Background ==		== Background ==
-		+	Cyclooxygenases are enzymes that catalyze the transformation of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins, prostacyclins, and thromboxanes.<ref name="Orlando">PMID:27710942</ref> Another name for cyclooxygenases is prostaglandin H2 synthase. There are two names because there are two catalytic activities: cyclooxygenase and peroxidase. The abbreviation for cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin H2 synthase is COX and PGHS respectively and can be used interchangeably. There are two types of cyclooxygenases: COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 is responsible for platelet aggregation and gastric acidity. COX-2 is involved in pathways that lead to inflammation (swelling), pain, and fever. The symptoms that COX-2 leads to are unpleasant and unwanted. Inhibitors have been looked at to inhibit the function of COX-2 in order to reduce the symptoms. However, when COX has been inhibited in the past, there have been more unwanted symptoms because the inhibitor does not release easily.
	== Function ==		== Function ==

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Revision as of 18:13, 3 December 2018

This Sandbox is Reserved from November 5 2018 through January 1, 2019 for use in the course "CHEM 4923: Senior Project taught by Christina R. Bourne at the University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA. This reservation includes Sandbox Reserved 1471 through Sandbox Reserved 1478.

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Contents 1 Cyclooxygenase 2 2 Background 3 Function 4 Structure 5 Energetics 6 Medical Applications 7 Comparison between the Isozymes Cyclooxygenase 1 and Cyclooxygenase 2 8 References

Cyclooxygenase 2

spinqualitylabelsall models Human Cyclooxygenase 2 bound to Rofecoxib. PDB file 5KIR. Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image

Background

Cyclooxygenases are enzymes that catalyze the transformation of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins, prostacyclins, and thromboxanes.^[1] Another name for cyclooxygenases is prostaglandin H2 synthase. There are two names because there are two catalytic activities: cyclooxygenase and peroxidase. The abbreviation for cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin H2 synthase is COX and PGHS respectively and can be used interchangeably. There are two types of cyclooxygenases: COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 is responsible for platelet aggregation and gastric acidity. COX-2 is involved in pathways that lead to inflammation (swelling), pain, and fever. The symptoms that COX-2 leads to are unpleasant and unwanted. Inhibitors have been looked at to inhibit the function of COX-2 in order to reduce the symptoms. However, when COX has been inhibited in the past, there have been more unwanted symptoms because the inhibitor does not release easily.

Function

Structure

Energetics

Medical Applications

Comparison between the Isozymes Cyclooxygenase 1 and Cyclooxygenase 2

</StructureSection>

References

1. ↑ Orlando BJ, Malkowski MG. Crystal structure of rofecoxib bound to human cyclooxygenase-2. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun. 2016 Oct 1;72(Pt 10):772-776. Epub 2016, Sep 22. PMID:27710942 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S2053230X16014230