User:Ashley Crotteau/Sandbox1

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=''H. sapiens'' Lysine Methyltransferase, SET 7/9=
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β=''H. sapiens'' Lysine Methyltransferase, SET 7/9=
<StructureSection load='1O9S' size='350' frame='true' side='right' caption='H. sapiens KMT 1o9s' 'scene=81/811707/Kmt_active_site/1'>
<StructureSection load='1O9S' size='350' frame='true' side='right' caption='H. sapiens KMT 1o9s' 'scene=81/811707/Kmt_active_site/1'>
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The human lysine methyltransferase (HKMT) SET7/9 is 366 amino acids long. The overall structure looks like a dimer although it acts as a monomer. The structure is composed of the ΔSET7/9 domain. The ΔSET7/9 consists of the SET domain along with the pre- and post-SET regions. The pre- and post-SET regions are adjacent to SET domain and are cysteine rich. The pre-SET cysteine region is located near the N-terminal where the post-SET region is located near the C-terminal of the domain. These regions are said to play an important role in substrate recognition and enzymatic activity.<ref name="Schubert" /><ref name="Yeates" />
The human lysine methyltransferase (HKMT) SET7/9 is 366 amino acids long. The overall structure looks like a dimer although it acts as a monomer. The structure is composed of the ΔSET7/9 domain. The ΔSET7/9 consists of the SET domain along with the pre- and post-SET regions. The pre- and post-SET regions are adjacent to SET domain and are cysteine rich. The pre-SET cysteine region is located near the N-terminal where the post-SET region is located near the C-terminal of the domain. These regions are said to play an important role in substrate recognition and enzymatic activity.<ref name="Schubert" /><ref name="Yeates" />
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The SET domain is mostly defined by <scene name='81/811707/Variable_knot/1'>turns and loops</scene> with the few <scene name='81/811707/Beta_sheets/2'>antiparallel β-sheets</scene>.<ref name="Schubert" /> <scene name='81/811707/Beta-hairpin/1'>Residues 337-349</scene> form a β-hairpin that sticks out at a right angle to the surface of the enzyme. The following three residues (<scene name='81/811707/Sharp_bend/1'>350-352</scene>) accommodate a sharp bend in the peptide chain and the end of the protein adopts an <scene name='81/811707/C-term_alpha_helix/1'>α-helical conformation</scene>.<ref name="Xiao" /> The two most defining features of the SET domain are the C-terminal tyrosine and the knot-like fold. These two components have been recognized to be essential for S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) binding and catalysis.<ref name="Schubert" /> <ref name="Yeates" /> <ref name="Huang" /> The knot-like fold contains the binding sites for the cofactor SAM and the peptide substrate.<ref name="Licciardello" />
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The SET domain is mostly defined by <scene name='81/811707/Variable_knot/1'>turns and loops</scene> with the few <scene name='81/811707/Beta_sheets/3'>antiparallel β-sheets</scene>.<ref name="Schubert" /> <scene name='81/811707/Beta-hairpin/2'>Residues 337-349</scene> form a β-hairpin that sticks out at a right angle to the surface of the enzyme. The following three residues (<scene name='81/811707/Sharp_bend/2'>350-352</scene>) accommodate a sharp bend in the peptide chain and the end of the protein adopts an <scene name='81/811707/C-term_alpha_helix/2'>α-helical conformation</scene>.<ref name="Xiao" /> The two most defining features of the SET domain are the C-terminal tyrosine and the knot-like fold. These two components have been recognized to be essential for S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) binding and catalysis.<ref name="Schubert" /> <ref name="Yeates" /> <ref name="Huang" /> The knot-like fold contains the binding sites for the cofactor SAM and the peptide substrate.<ref name="Licciardello" />
The most notable feature of the HKMT is the presence of the lysine access channel.The cofactor and peptide substrate are actually located on opposite sides of the SET domain. This narrow channel allows these two components to interact and complete the methyltransfer. Two tyrosine residues, Tyr335 and Tyr337, are important for the formation of this channel. The β-hairpin stabilizes the conformation of these two residues and contributes to the peptide binding groove. The peptide binding groove is composed of residues 255-268. <ref name="Xiao" />
The most notable feature of the HKMT is the presence of the lysine access channel.The cofactor and peptide substrate are actually located on opposite sides of the SET domain. This narrow channel allows these two components to interact and complete the methyltransfer. Two tyrosine residues, Tyr335 and Tyr337, are important for the formation of this channel. The β-hairpin stabilizes the conformation of these two residues and contributes to the peptide binding groove. The peptide binding groove is composed of residues 255-268. <ref name="Xiao" />

Revision as of 14:39, 5 April 2019

β=H. sapiens Lysine Methyltransferase, SET 7/9=

H. sapiens KMT 1o9s

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References

[3] [5] [1] [2] [4] [6]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Schubert HL, Blumenthal RM, Cheng X. Many paths to methyltransfer: a chronicle of convergence. Trends Biochem Sci. 2003 Jun;28(6):329-35. PMID:12826405
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Yeates TO. Structures of SET domain proteins: protein lysine methyltransferases make their mark. Cell. 2002 Oct 4;111(1):5-7. PMID:12372294
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Xiao B, Jing C, Wilson JR, Walker PA, Vasisht N, Kelly G, Howell S, Taylor IA, Blackburn GM, Gamblin SJ. Structure and catalytic mechanism of the human histone methyltransferase SET7/9. Nature. 2003 Feb 6;421(6923):652-6. Epub 2003 Jan 22. PMID:12540855 doi:10.1038/nature01378
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Huang S, Shao G, Liu L. The PR domain of the Rb-binding zinc finger protein RIZ1 is a protein binding interface and is related to the SET domain functioning in chromatin-mediated gene expression. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jun 26;273(26):15933-9. PMID:9632640
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/C2014-0-02189-2
  6. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SET_domain#Structure

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Ashley Crotteau

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