User:Anielle Salviano de Almeida Ferrari/Sandbox 1

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== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptospirosis leptospirosis] is caused by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirochaete spirochaetes] of pathogenic species of genus [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptospira ''Leptospira''] and is a emerging zoonotic disease worldwide <ref>DOI 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.06.002</ref> <ref>DOI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007270</ref>. According to the [https://www.who.int/ World Health Organization (WHO)], approximately 1 million people become infected with leptospiras per year and 60,000 die from the disease worldwide <ref>DOI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003898</ref>. The ability of some ''Leptospira'' species to grow in different conditions, such as in soil, water and in different mammalian organs and in the bloodstream, suggests that the bacteria must have different signaling pathways to detect the external environment and modulate its gene expression. One way to respond to environmental changes and modulate gene expression is through the production of bis (3 ′, 5 ′) - cyclic diguanylic acid, known as cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP)<ref>DOI 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.06.002</ref>. However, to date, almost nothing is known about c-di-GMP signaling in ''Leptospira'' <ref>DOI 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.06.002</ref>
The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptospirosis leptospirosis] is caused by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirochaete spirochaetes] of pathogenic species of genus [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptospira ''Leptospira''] and is a emerging zoonotic disease worldwide <ref>DOI 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.06.002</ref> <ref>DOI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007270</ref>. According to the [https://www.who.int/ World Health Organization (WHO)], approximately 1 million people become infected with leptospiras per year and 60,000 die from the disease worldwide <ref>DOI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003898</ref>. The ability of some ''Leptospira'' species to grow in different conditions, such as in soil, water and in different mammalian organs and in the bloodstream, suggests that the bacteria must have different signaling pathways to detect the external environment and modulate its gene expression. One way to respond to environmental changes and modulate gene expression is through the production of bis (3 ′, 5 ′) - cyclic diguanylic acid, known as cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP)<ref>DOI 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.06.002</ref>. However, to date, almost nothing is known about c-di-GMP signaling in ''Leptospira'' <ref>DOI 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.06.002</ref>
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<ref>DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00764</ref><ref>DOI 10.1038/s41522-020-0134-1</ref><ref>DOI 10.1038/s41522-020-0134-1</ref>
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<ref>DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00764</ref><ref>DOI 10.1038/s41522-020-0134-1</ref><ref>DOI 10.1038/s41467-021-22492-</ref>

Revision as of 20:53, 7 December 2021

Contents

Leptospira cAMP-dependent DGC 1 (Lcd1)

Lcd1 GAF domain in complex with cAMP ligand. Method: X-Ray Diffraction. Resolution: 2.15 Å

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

Introduction

The leptospirosis is caused by spirochaetes of pathogenic species of genus Leptospira and is a emerging zoonotic disease worldwide [1] [2]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 1 million people become infected with leptospiras per year and 60,000 die from the disease worldwide [3]. The ability of some Leptospira species to grow in different conditions, such as in soil, water and in different mammalian organs and in the bloodstream, suggests that the bacteria must have different signaling pathways to detect the external environment and modulate its gene expression. One way to respond to environmental changes and modulate gene expression is through the production of bis (3 ′, 5 ′) - cyclic diguanylic acid, known as cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP)[4]. However, to date, almost nothing is known about c-di-GMP signaling in Leptospira [5] [6][7][8]


Function

Disease

Relevance

Structural highlights

This is a sample scene created with SAT to by Group, and another to make of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.

</StructureSection>

References

  1. ↑ da Costa Vasconcelos FN, Maciel NK, Favaro DC, de Oliveira LC, Barbosa AS, Salinas RK, de Souza RF, Farah CS, Guzzo CR. Structural and Enzymatic Characterization of a cAMP-Dependent Diguanylate Cyclase from Pathogenic Leptospira Species. J Mol Biol. 2017 Jul 21;429(15):2337-2352. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.06.002. Epub, 2017 Jun 7. PMID:28601495 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2017.06.002
  2. ↑ Vincent AT, Schiettekatte O, Goarant C, Neela VK, Bernet E, Thibeaux R, Ismail N, Mohd Khalid MKN, Amran F, Masuzawa T, Nakao R, Amara Korba A, Bourhy P, Veyrier FJ, Picardeau M. Revisiting the taxonomy and evolution of pathogenicity of the genus Leptospira through the prism of genomics. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 May 23;13(5):e0007270. doi:, 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007270. eCollection 2019 May. PMID:31120895 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007270
  3. ↑ Costa F, Hagan JE, Calcagno J, Kane M, Torgerson P, Martinez-Silveira MS, Stein C, Abela-Ridder B, Ko AI. Global Morbidity and Mortality of Leptospirosis: A Systematic Review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015 Sep 17;9(9):e0003898. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003898., eCollection 2015. PMID:26379143 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003898
  4. ↑ da Costa Vasconcelos FN, Maciel NK, Favaro DC, de Oliveira LC, Barbosa AS, Salinas RK, de Souza RF, Farah CS, Guzzo CR. Structural and Enzymatic Characterization of a cAMP-Dependent Diguanylate Cyclase from Pathogenic Leptospira Species. J Mol Biol. 2017 Jul 21;429(15):2337-2352. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.06.002. Epub, 2017 Jun 7. PMID:28601495 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2017.06.002
  5. ↑ da Costa Vasconcelos FN, Maciel NK, Favaro DC, de Oliveira LC, Barbosa AS, Salinas RK, de Souza RF, Farah CS, Guzzo CR. Structural and Enzymatic Characterization of a cAMP-Dependent Diguanylate Cyclase from Pathogenic Leptospira Species. J Mol Biol. 2017 Jul 21;429(15):2337-2352. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.06.002. Epub, 2017 Jun 7. PMID:28601495 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2017.06.002
  6. ↑ Xiao G, Kong L, Che R, Yi Y, Zhang Q, Yan J, Lin X. Identification and Characterization of c-di-GMP Metabolic Enzymes of Leptospira interrogans and c-di-GMP Fluctuations After Thermal Shift and Infection. Front Microbiol. 2018 Apr 20;9:764. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00764. eCollection, 2018. PMID:29755425 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00764
  7. ↑ Thibeaux R, Soupe-Gilbert ME, Kainiu M, Girault D, Bierque E, Fernandes J, Bahre H, Douyere A, Eskenazi N, Vinh J, Picardeau M, Goarant C. The zoonotic pathogen Leptospira interrogans mitigates environmental stress through cyclic-di-GMP-controlled biofilm production. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2020 Jun 12;6(1):24. doi: 10.1038/s41522-020-0134-1. PMID:32532998 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41522-020-0134-1
  8. ↑ doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22492-

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