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== Disease ==
== Disease ==
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Because of its properties, ErbB2 can play a role in cancer development. Its aberrant activity has been associated with breast cancers, in about 20 % of patients <ref>DOI 10.1126/science.3289120</ref>. The cause is in majority ErbB2 gene amplification, its expression is in some cases increased up to 100-fold <ref>DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(87)92736-X</ref>. Though amplification is the major cause of ErbB2 mediated cancer, there have been found numerous mutations that contribute to cancer development, particularly promoting dimerization of kinase <ref>DOI 10.1073/pnas.252640799</ref>. Recent large-scale sequencing efforts have identified oncogenic mutations in the ECD and KD (Greulich et al., 2012; Zabransky et al., 2015; Ross et al., 2016). Mutations in the TMD and JMD have also been reported, albeit at a low frequency (Bose et al., 2013; Yamamoto et al., 2014; Kavuri et al., 2015; Ou et al., 2017; Chang et al., 2018). Somatic mutations can follow after ErbB2 gene amplification, though they arise only in about 3 % of cases of breast cancer <ref>DOI 10.1007/s10549-017-4419-x</ref> . They are also found in other types of cancer, most frequently in bladder, cervical and ampullary cancer <ref>DOI 10.1186/s13045-018-0630-4</ref>.
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Because of its properties, ErbB2 can play a role in cancer development. Its aberrant activity has been associated with breast cancers, in about 20 % of patients <ref>DOI 10.1126/science.3289120</ref>. The cause is in majority ErbB2 gene amplification, its expression is in some cases increased up to 100-fold <ref>DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(87)92736-X</ref>. Though amplification is the major cause of ErbB2 mediated cancer, there have been found numerous mutations that contribute to cancer development, particularly promoting dimerization of kinase <ref>DOI 10.1073/pnas.252640799</ref>. Recent large-scale sequencing efforts have identified oncogenic mutations in the ECD and KD <ref>DOI 10.1073/pnas.1203201109</ref>;<ref>DOI 10.1073/pnas.1516853112</ref>; <ref>DOI 10.1002/cncr.30102</ref>. Mutations in the TMD and JMD have also been reported, albeit at a low frequency (Bose et al., 2013; Yamamoto et al., 2014; Kavuri et al., 2015; Ou et al., 2017; Chang et al., 2018). Somatic mutations can follow after ErbB2 gene amplification, though they arise only in about 3 % of cases of breast cancer <ref>DOI 10.1007/s10549-017-4419-x</ref> . They are also found in other types of cancer, most frequently in bladder, cervical and ampullary cancer <ref>DOI 10.1186/s13045-018-0630-4</ref>.

Revision as of 16:04, 26 April 2022

ErbB2

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References

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  6. Slamon DJ, Clark GM. Amplification of c-erbB-2 and aggressive human breast tumors? Science. 1988 Jun 24;240(4860):1795-8. doi: 10.1126/science.3289120. PMID:3289120 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.3289120
  7. Venter DJ, Tuzi NL, Kumar S, Gullick WJ. Overexpression of the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in human breast carcinomas: immunohistological assessment correlates with gene amplification. Lancet. 1987 Jul 11;2(8550):69-72. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(87)92736-x. PMID:2885574 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(87)92736-x
  8. Fleishman SJ, Schlessinger J, Ben-Tal N. A putative molecular-activation switch in the transmembrane domain of erbB2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 10;99(25):15937-40. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.252640799. Epub 2002 Dec 2. PMID:12461170 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.252640799
  9. Greulich H, Kaplan B, Mertins P, Chen TH, Tanaka KE, Yun CH, Zhang X, Lee SH, Cho J, Ambrogio L, Liao R, Imielinski M, Banerji S, Berger AH, Lawrence MS, Zhang J, Pho NH, Walker SR, Winckler W, Getz G, Frank D, Hahn WC, Eck MJ, Mani DR, Jaffe JD, Carr SA, Wong KK, Meyerson M. Functional analysis of receptor tyrosine kinase mutations in lung cancer identifies oncogenic extracellular domain mutations of ERBB2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Sep 4;109(36):14476-81. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1203201109. Epub 2012 Aug 20. PMID:22908275 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1203201109
  10. Zabransky DJ, Yankaskas CL, Cochran RL, Wong HY, Croessmann S, Chu D, Kavuri SM, Red Brewer M, Rosen DM, Dalton WB, Cimino-Mathews A, Cravero K, Button B, Kyker-Snowman K, Cidado J, Erlanger B, Parsons HA, Manto KM, Bose R, Lauring J, Arteaga CL, Konstantopoulos K, Park BH. HER2 missense mutations have distinct effects on oncogenic signaling and migration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Nov 10;112(45):E6205-14. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1516853112. Epub 2015 Oct 27. PMID:26508629 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1516853112
  11. Ross JS, Gay LM, Wang K, Ali SM, Chumsri S, Elvin JA, Bose R, Vergilio JA, Suh J, Yelensky R, Lipson D, Chmielecki J, Waintraub S, Leyland-Jones B, Miller VA, Stephens PJ. Nonamplification ERBB2 genomic alterations in 5605 cases of recurrent and metastatic breast cancer: An emerging opportunity for anti-HER2 targeted therapies. Cancer. 2016 Sep 1;122(17):2654-62. doi: 10.1002/cncr.30102. Epub 2016 Jun 10. PMID:27284958 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.30102
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  13. Cousin S, Khalifa E, Crombe A, Laizet Y, Lucchesi C, Toulmonde M, Le Moulec S, Auzanneau C, Soubeyran I, Italiano A. Targeting ERBB2 mutations in solid tumors: biological and clinical implications. J Hematol Oncol. 2018 Jun 25;11(1):86. doi: 10.1186/s13045-018-0630-4. PMID:29941010 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13045-018-0630-4

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David Gucklhorn

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