Ritonavir

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<applet load="" size="450" color="" frame="true" spin="on" Scene ="Ritonavir/Ritonavir/1" align="right" caption="Ritonavir, better known as Norvir, ([[1hxw]])"/>
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<StructureSection load='' size='340' side='right' caption='Ritonavir, better known as Norvir, ([[1hxw]])' scene='Ritonavir/Ritonavir/1'>
===Better Known as: Norvir (Kaletra when used in combination with Lopinavir)===
===Better Known as: Norvir (Kaletra when used in combination with Lopinavir)===
* Marketed By: Abbott Laboratories<br />
* Marketed By: Abbott Laboratories<br />
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===Drug Resistance===
===Drug Resistance===
The biggest difficulty with treating [[HIV]] is the rapidity at which it mutates and becomes resistant to treatments. To view a comprehensive and interactive analysis of the mutations which confer drug resistance to [[HIV Protease]], See: [[HIV Protease Inhibitor Resistance Profile]]
The biggest difficulty with treating [[HIV]] is the rapidity at which it mutates and becomes resistant to treatments. To view a comprehensive and interactive analysis of the mutations which confer drug resistance to [[HIV Protease]], See: [[HIV Protease Inhibitor Resistance Profile]]
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</StructureSection>
===Pharmacokinetics===
===Pharmacokinetics===
<table style="background: cellspacing="0px" align="" cellpadding="0px" width="42%">
<table style="background: cellspacing="0px" align="" cellpadding="0px" width="42%">

Revision as of 14:02, 27 December 2023

Ritonavir, better known as Norvir, (1hxw)

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Pharmacokinetics

HIV Protease Inhibitor Pharmacokinetics
Parameter Ritonavir Tipranavir Indinavir Saquinavir Amprenavir Fosamprenavir Lopinavir Darunavir Atazanavir Nelfinavir
Tmax (hr) 4.4 ~3 1.5 3.7 .98 1.5-4 2 .5 2-4 3.1
Cmax (ng/ml) 13120 14600 8100 2297 4901 4820 11.9 2730 ~4393 4701
Bioavailability (%) -- -- 65 4 -- -- -- -- 68 20-80
Protein Binding (%) 99 >99 61 98 90 90 99 95 86 98
T1/2 (hr) 4.8 4.2 1.2 4.5 5.5 7.7 6.1 29.4 5.3 3.3
AUC (ng/ml/hr) 128100 46500 20900 13467 11999 35000 117600 4746 ~26045 31906
Clearance (L/h) ~8.4 32.4 49.5 36.7 56.8 84.4 1.7 32.8 13.6 37.3
Dosage (mg) 600 600 800 1000 600 1400 280 400 400 1250
Metabolism Hepatic (CYP3A4 & CYP2C19) Hepatic (CYP3A4) Hepatic (CYP3A4) Hepatic (CYP3A4 & CYP3A5) Hepatic (CYP3A4) Hepatic (CYP3A4) Hepatic (CYP3A4) Hepatic (CYP3A4) Hepatic (CYP3A4) Hepatic (CYP3A4)

For Pharmacokinetic Data References, See: References

References

  1. ↑ Spinelli S, Liu QZ, Alzari PM, Hirel PH, Poljak RJ. The three-dimensional structure of the aspartyl protease from the HIV-1 isolate BRU. Biochimie. 1991 Nov;73(11):1391-6. PMID:1799632
  2. ↑ Tie Y, Kovalevsky AY, Boross P, Wang YF, Ghosh AK, Tozser J, Harrison RW, Weber IT. Atomic resolution crystal structures of HIV-1 protease and mutants V82A and I84V with saquinavir. Proteins. 2007 Apr 1;67(1):232-42. PMID:17243183 doi:10.1002/prot.21304
  3. ↑ Sevrioukova IF, Poulos TL. Structure and mechanism of the complex between cytochrome P4503A4 and ritonavir. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Oct 11. PMID:20937904 doi:10.1073/pnas.1010693107


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