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Transmembrane (cell surface) receptors
See also Membrane proteins.
Ion channel-linked (ionotropic) receptors
These receptors are typically the targets of fast neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine (nicotinic) and GABA; activation of these receptors results in changes in ion movement across a membrane.
G protein-linked (metabotropic) receptors
This is the largest family of receptors and includes the receptors for several hormones and slow transmitters(dopamine, metabotropic glutamate). They are composed of seven transmembrane alpha helices. The loops connecting the alpha helices form extracellular and intracellular domains. The binding-site for larger peptide ligands is usually located in the extracellular domain whereas the binding site for smaller non-peptide ligands is often located between the seven alpha helices and one extracellular loop. These receptors are coupled to different intracellular effector systems via G proteins
Kinase-linked, enzyme-linked and related receptors
Receptor tyrosine kinases
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are part of the larger family of protein tyrosine kinases. They are the high-affinity cell surface receptors for many polypeptide growth factors, cytokines, and hormones. Approximately 20 different RTK classes have been identified.[2]
Immune receptors
Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors
Cytokine receptors
TNF receptor superfamily
Type I cytokine receptors
Type II cytokine receptors
Interferon receptors
Interleukin receptors
Interleukin-20 receptor:
Chemokine receptors, two of which acting as binding proteins for HIV (CXCR4 and CCR5). They are G protein-coupled receptors
T-cell receptors
TGF-beta receptor
LDL receptor
Transferrin receptor
Intracellular receptors
Signal recognition particle receptor
Receptor for activated C kinase 1
Nuclear receptors
Endoplasmic reticulum/Sarcoplasmic reticulum receptors
Ligand-gated Calcium channels
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