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The Pharmaceutical industry is one of the world’s largest industries, grossing well over $300 billion in the United States alone. Understanding how the drugs the pharma industry develops work and different characteristics of these compounds is important to nearly everyone as 50% of the US population takes at least one prescription medication regularly and nearly everyone takes a pharmaceutical pill at some point in their life.[1] See also WHO Model Lists of Essential Medicines. The following is a growing list of pharmaceutical compounds organized by disorder.
See Pharmaceutical Drug Targets for a list of drug targets organized by disease.
The majority of all modern medicinal drugs target members of the superfamily of proteins called the G protein-coupled receptors or GPCRs[2][3].
Treatments
The following is a list of pharmaceutical treatments for various diseases, organized by disorder. Each entry highlights general information about the therapeutic, pharmacokinetic data comparisons within its drug class, and a structural analysis explaining how the drug compound functions in vivo.
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Antagonists at glutamatergic NMDA receptors
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Anti-prostate cancer
Anti-myeloma
B-Raf Kinase Inhibitor
- Zelboraf - Generic: Vemurafenib (Formerly: PLX-4032)
Chemotherapy
Estrogen Receptor Modulator
mTOR inhibitor
- Rapamune - Generic: Sirolimus (Rapamycin)
- Afinitor - Generic: Everolimus
- Torisel - Generic: Temsirolimus
Multiple Receptor Tyrosine kinase (VEGFR, PDGFR, EGFR, KIT, Abl) Inhibitors
Poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors
See also Anti-cancer drugs and Anticancer drugs
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Depression
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Erectile Dysfunction
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Tricyclic Antidepressants
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Serotonin–dopamine reuptake inhibitor
See Atypical antipsychotics
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Mechanism is not completely understood
Inhibitors of the sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2)
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Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor
- Cialis - Generic: Tadalafil
- Levitra - Generic: Vardenafil
- Viagra - Generic: Sildenafil
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Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) protein blocker
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Inhibitors of neprilysin
Renin inhibitors
Angiotensin II receptor antagonist
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Chemokine Receptor Type 5 (CCR5) Inhibitors
- Selzentry - Generic: Maraviroc
- Baraclude - Generic: Entecavir
- Emtriva - Generic: Emtricitabine
- Epivir - Generic: Lamivudine
- Hivid - Generic: Zalcitabine
- Retrovir - Generic: Zidovudine
- Videx - Generic: Didanosine
- Viread - Generic: Tenofovir
- Zerit - Generic: Stavudine
- Ziagen - Generic: Abacavir
Cytochrome P450 inhibitors
Combinations
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- Voltaren - Generic: Diclofenac also may inhibit phospholipase A2 as part of its mechanism of action.
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- MScontin, Oramorph, Sevredol - Generic: Morphine (opioid receptor agonist)
- Demerol - Generic: Meperidine (opioid receptor agonist)
- Dolophine - Generic: Methadone (Levomethadone (the R enantiomer) is a opioid receptor agonist)
- Actiq, Duragesic, Fentora - Generic: Fentanyl (opioid receptor agonist)
- Narcan - Generic: Naloxone (competitive opioid receptor antagonist)
- ReVia - Generic: Naltrexone (competitive opioid receptor antagonist)
- Entereg - Generic: Alvimopan (opioid receptor antagonist)
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References
- ↑ http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2010/09/03/129626052/a-portrait-of-health-prescription-drugs-in-america
- ↑ Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL. How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. PMID:17139284 doi:10.1038/nrd2199
- ↑ Peeters MC, van Westen GJ, Li Q, IJzerman AP. Importance of the extracellular loops in G protein-coupled receptors for ligand recognition and receptor activation. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2011 Jan;32(1):35-42. PMID:21075459 doi:10.1016/j.tips.2010.10.001
