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Transmembrane (cell surface) receptors

See also Membrane proteins.

Ion channel-linked (ionotropic) receptors

These receptors are typically the targets of fast neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine (nicotinic) and GABA; activation of these receptors results in changes in ion movement across a membrane.

• Ionotropic receptors
  • 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor#Structural highlights/Specific Function of 5-HT3
  • The extracellular subunit interface of the 5-HT3 receptors: a computational alanine scanning mutagenesis study^[1]
  • 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor#5-HT3 receptor antagonists
  • Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in general
  • Alpha-bungarotoxin is a nicotinic cholinergic antagonist that is found within the venom of Bungarus multicinctus, a South-asian snake belonging to a group commonly known as kraits.
  • Binding site of AChR
  • Acetylcholine Receptor and its Reaction to Cobra Venom
  • AMPA glutamate receptor by University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program at UMass Amherst and on display at the Molecular Playground.
  • Glutamate receptor (GluA2)

G protein-linked (metabotropic) receptors

This is the largest family of receptors and includes the receptors for several hormones and slow transmitters(dopamine, metabotropic glutamate). They are composed of seven transmembrane alpha helices. The loops connecting the alpha helices form extracellular and intracellular domains. The binding-site for larger peptide ligands is usually located in the extracellular domain whereas the binding site for smaller non-peptide ligands is often located between the seven alpha helices and one extracellular loop. These receptors are coupled to different intracellular effector systems via G proteins

• G protein-coupled receptors
  • Neurotensin receptor
  • CXC chemokine receptor type 4
  • Mu Opioid Receptor Bound to a Morphinan Antagonist
  • μ Opioid Receptors
  • Mu Opioid Receptor
  • The κ-opioid receptor binds opium-type ligands. For details see Student Project 3 for UMass Chemistry 423 Spring 2015.
    
  • T The δ-opioid receptor binds enkephalins. For details see Delta opioid receptor
  • Tutorial: The opioid receptor, a molecular switch
  • Orexin and Orexin receptor
  • Belsomra and Orexin receptors
  • Hypocretin and receptors
  • Human Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Complexed with its Receptor
  • GPR40
  • Lysophosphatidic acid receptor
  • Sphingosine 1-phosphate Receptor
  • Rhodopsin
  • Rhodopsin Structure and Function
  • Serotonin receptors, main page
  • 3D structures of Serotonin receptors
  • Adrenergic receptors in general
  • Beta-1 Adrenergic receptor
  • Dobutamine, see Beta-1 Adrenergic receptor, 2y00, 2y01, 6h7l
  • Isoprenaline, see Beta-1 Adrenergic receptor, 2y03
  • Carmoterol, see 2y02
  • Salbutamol (Albuterol in USA), 2y04
  • The human β2 adrenergic receptor bound to a G-protein (3sn6) is featured in a scene above, and additional structures are on the Adrenergic receptor page.
  • Article Beta-2 Adrenergic Receptor by Wayne Decatur, David Canner, Dotan Shaniv, Joel L. Sussman, Michal Harel
  • Article Beta-2 adrenergic receptor by Joel L. Sussman, Tala Curry, Michal Harel, Jaime Prilusky
  • Group:SMART:A Physical Model of the beta-Adrenergic Receptor
  • G_s: adenylate cyclase activated, cAMP up. For G_s see Beta2 adrenergic receptor-Gs protein complex updated
  • Dopamine receptors 1 page
  • Dopamine receptors 2 page
  • Histamine H1 receptor
  • 3rze - human histamine H1 receptor with an antagonist doxepin
  • Adenosine A2A receptor
  • Effect of Caffeine (Trimethylxanthine) on Human A2A Receptor
  • Adenosine A2A receptor 3D structures
  • Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
  • Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Receptor
  • Glucagon receptor
  • Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor
  • Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors
  • Ligand Binding N-Terminal of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors
  • Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5

Kinase-linked, enzyme-linked and related receptors

Receptor tyrosine kinases

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are part of the larger family of protein tyrosine kinases. They are the high-affinity cell surface receptors for many polypeptide growth factors, cytokines, and hormones. Approximately 20 different RTK classes have been identified.^[2]

• RTK class I Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor family
• RTK class II Insulin receptor family
• RTK class III Platelet-derived growth factor receptor family
• RTK class IV Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor family
• RTK class V Fibroblast growth factor receptor family
• RTK class VIII Hepatocyte growth factor receptor family
• RTK class IX Ephrin receptor family
• RTK class XIII Epithelial discoidin domain-containing receptor (DDR receptor) family
• Neurotrophin: High affinity nerve growth factor receptor (or Tyrosine kinase receptor) and TrkB tyrosine kinase receptor
• Insulin-like growth factor receptor

Enzyme-linked receptor

• TGF-beta receptor
• Activin receptor
• Crystal structure of the extracellular domain of the receptor-like kinase TMK3 from Arabidopsis thaliana
• Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 and receptor
• Neurotrophin
• High affinity nerve growth factor receptor TrkA
• TrkB tyrosine kinase receptor
• Toll-like Receptors

Immune receptors

Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors

• Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor

Cytokine receptors

TNF receptor superfamily

• Tumor necrosis factor receptor
  • TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) or TNF ligand superfamily 10

Colony-stimulating factor receptor

Type I cytokine receptors

• Erythropoietin receptor
• Prolactin receptor

Type II cytokine receptors

Interferon receptors

• Interferon receptor
• Structural linkage between ligand discrimination and receptor activation by type I interferons
• Multiple sclerosis and Interferon Receptors

Interleukin receptors

• Interleukin receptor

Interleukin-20 receptor:

• Flexible regions govern promiscuous binding of IL-24 to receptors IL-20R1 and IL-22R1

Chemokine receptors, two of which acting as binding proteins for HIV (CXCR4 and CCR5). They are G protein-coupled receptors

T-cell receptors

• T-cell receptor
• SP3.4-TCR-HLA-DQ8-α-1-gliadin complex

TGF-beta receptor

• TGF-beta receptor

LDL receptor

• LDL receptor

Transferrin receptor

• Transferrin receptor

Intracellular receptors

Signal recognition particle receptor

• Signal recognition particle receptor

Receptor for activated C kinase 1

• Receptor for activated protein kinase C 1

Nuclear receptors

• Nuclear receptors
• Thyroid hormone receptor
• Retinoic acid receptor
• RA Mediated T-reg Differentiation; Retinoic acid acts as the ligand for the Retinoic Acid Receptor-α (RARα) / Retinoid X Receptor-α (RXRα) heterodimer
• PPAR-gamma
• Pioglitazone is a selective agonist for Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma
• Liver X receptor
• Bile acid receptor
• Vitamin D receptor
• Pregnane X receptor
• Retinoid X receptor
• Estrogen receptor
• Ivan Koutsopatriy estrogen receptor
• Estrogen receptor#Structure of estradiol metal chelate and estrogen receptor complex: The basis for designing a new class of SERMs ^[3]
• Estrogen receptor#Estrogen receptor α complexed with raloxifene and a corepressor peptide
• Tamoxifen and the Estrogen receptor
• Student Project 10 for UMass Chemistry 423 Spring 2015
• Estrogen-related receptor
• Glucocorticoid receptor
• Mineralocorticoid receptor
• Progesterone receptor
• Androgen receptor
• Liver receptor homolog-1?

Endoplasmic reticulum/Sarcoplasmic reticulum receptors

Ligand-gated Calcium channels

Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor

Ryanodine receptor

SEE ALSO:

• Hormone
• Growth factors
• Neurotransmitters